O2 sensors and air-fuel ratio sensors are essential for controlling emissions and ensuring efficient engine operation. These sensors provide critical data to the ECU for optimizing air-fuel mixtures ...

Wideband O2 sensors play a pivotal role in the realm of automotive tuning, providing precise measurements of the air-fuel ratio necessary for optimizing engine performance. Unlike their narrowband ...

The days of the zirconia upstream oxygen sensor are behind us. Vehicle manufacturers have moved to what is commonly known as the air/fuel ratio sensor, or AFS. With the change in technology has come a ...

When we got the invitation to tour Bosch's oxygen sensor plant in Anderson, South Carolina, it had all the allure of eating a sand sandwich. Let's face it, oxygen sensors aren't the most glamorous ...

Silly me. For the longest time I thought “Stoichiometric” was the name of some hockey player from Quebec, or a small village in Russia. Well, it turns out stoichiometric is a really important ...

It used to be that tuning a hot street engine or race motor was one of those black arts that only those carburetor and ignition wizards seem to understand. When (and why) an engine needed more or less ...

Your engine needs a steady stream of clean air to function properly, and it's the job of the mass air flow (MAF) sensor to measure and regulate the amount of clean air entering the intake. The engine ...

Back in the Fox days, the most common method of tuning was to increase timing until detonation, and back it off a couple degrees. Like Fox cars, that method was crude, but a dyno wasn't on every other ...