Fuzzy statistics and random variables represent a progressive fusion of traditional probability theory with the principles of fuzzy logic, enabling the treatment of imprecision and vagueness inherent ...

Extropy has emerged as a pivotal measure in the quantification of uncertainty, serving as a complementary counterpart to the traditional concept of entropy. Unlike entropy, which is widely used to ...

Introduction to probability theory and its applications. Axioms of probability, distributions, discrete and continuous random variables, conditional and joint distributions, correlation, limit laws, ...

Abstract: In this chapter, we introduce the concept of a random variable and develop the procedures for characterizing random variables, including the cumulative distribution function, as well as the ...

1 Department of Statistics and Analytical Sciences, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, USA. 2 Department of Mathematics and Statistics, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, USA. what is ...

Roll a die and ask students to identify the random variable. Since a die can only take on values of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6, this is a discrete random variable. Repeat ...

Abstract: Rainrate near the ground can be interpreted as a collection of random variables forming a random field parameterized by three coordinates: two spatial coordinates and one temporal. Interest ...