Fuzzy statistics and random variables represent a progressive fusion of traditional probability theory with the principles of fuzzy logic, enabling the treatment of imprecision and vagueness inherent ...

Extropy has emerged as a pivotal measure in the quantification of uncertainty, serving as a complementary counterpart to the traditional concept of entropy. Unlike entropy, which is widely used to ...

Abstract: In this chapter, we introduce the concept of a random variable and develop the procedures for characterizing random variables, including the cumulative distribution function, as well as the ...

This course builds a rigorous foundation of probability. Topics covered include: basic concepts of probability theory and statistics, counting, axioms of probability, independence, Bayes rule, ...