Column buckling is a phenomenon where a structural column fails due to an applied load exceeding its load-bearing capacity. It occurs when a column, typically made of steel or concrete, is too long and slender in relation to its cross-sectional area. When the column is subjected to compressive forces, it starts to deform, and the cross-sectional area of the column begins to bend out of shape. As the deformation continues, the column loses its stability and collapses. #civilengineering #civilengi